Did you compile the maps? (It can take hours!)
They are compiled separately from the main game code on Windows. Myself, I just install the latest version of python (I use the Windows binary installer from the quick link right from the front page of the python website) and I make a shortcut on my desktop to the "compile.py" file so that every time I update from SVN and re-compile the game I can click on the shortcut and update the maps.
On the other hand, I've seen this same problem in development builds by random chance, not every SVN version works as good as others.
Checking the console log will also give more helpful information on exactly what the problem is, right at the point where you try to enter the mission.
EDIT: One more thing: Did you compile "Windows" or "Windows_debug" as a target in codeblocks (assuming you aren't using a different compiler) when building the main game? Honestly I don't know exactly how these are different (I'm not much of a coder), but I've noticed it sometimes affects bugs and play issues in the game. (I'm sure the coders here could explain much better.)